We searched for studies published up until March 2013. We also searched for ongoing studies to March 2013. We used search databases to find all high-quality randomised controlled trials of how effective exercise is for treating depression in adults over 18 years of age. Which studies were included in the review? How acceptable to patients is exercise as a treatment for depression? Is exercise more effective than psychological therapies or other non-medical treatments for depression? Is exercise more effective than antidepressant medication for reducing symptoms of depression? Is exercise more effective than no therapy for reducing symptoms of depression? We wanted to find out if more trials of the effect of exercise as a treatment for depression have been conducted since our last review that allow us to answer the following questions: This review is an update of a previous Cochrane review from 2010 which suggested that exercise can reduce symptoms of depression, but the effect was small and did not seem to last after participants stopped exercising. What questions does this review aim to answer? Professionals working in mental health services. Patients and families affected by depression. Depression is a common and disabling illness, affecting over 100 million people worldwide. Depression can have a significant impact on people’s physical health, as well as reducing their quality of life. Research has shown that both pharmacological and psychological therapies can be effective in treating depression. However, many people prefer to try alternative treatments. Some NHS guidelines suggest that exercise could be used as a different treatment choice. However, it is not clear if research actually shows that exercise is an effective treatment for depression.
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